{"id":6465,"date":"2023-12-27T11:21:14","date_gmt":"2023-12-27T10:21:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.swpower.cz\/?p=6465"},"modified":"2023-12-28T08:41:36","modified_gmt":"2023-12-28T07:41:36","slug":"energie-vetru-vs-vykon-vetrne-elektrarny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.swpower.cz\/de\/energie-vetru-vs-vykon-vetrne-elektrarny\/","title":{"rendered":"Energie v\u011btru vs V\u00fdkon v\u011btrn\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>Vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed turb\u00ednu?<\/h3>\n<p>Jak\u00fd opravdov\u00fd v\u00fdkon m\u016f\u017eeme o\u010dek\u00e1vat od v\u011btrn\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny? Hodn\u011b z n\u00e1s nem\u00e1 v\u016fbec p\u0159edstavu, co v\u0161e ovliv\u0148uje v\u00fdkon v\u011btrn\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny. \u010casto se n\u00e1\u0161 p\u0159ehnan\u00fd optimizmus neslu\u010duje s fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edmi z\u00e1kony\u2026 :) . Aby jsme se od n\u011b\u010deho odp\u00edchli, nap\u00ed\u0161eme si, \u017ee v\u00fdkon (energie) v\u011btru na 1m<sup>2<\/sup> plochy list\u016f v z\u00e1vislosti na rychlosti v\u011btru:<\/p>\n<div class=\"table-1\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Rychlost v\u011btru (m\/s)<\/th>\n<th>V\u00fdkon v\u011btru (W)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>0,7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>17<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>39<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>77<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>132<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7<\/td>\n<td>210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8<\/td>\n<td>314<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9<\/td>\n<td>447<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>613<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>V\u0161imn\u011bte si velk\u00e9ho n\u00e1r\u016fstu v\u00fdkonu (energie) zp\u016fsoben\u00fd t\u0159et\u00ed mocninou ve vzorci:<\/p>\n<p>Energie v\u011btru = 0,5 x plocha v m<sup>2<\/sup> x hustota vzduchu v kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup> x (rychlost v\u011btru v m\/s)<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<h4>SWP E-5:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Energie v\u011btru = 0,5 x 14,5 x 1,2047 x (10)<sup>3<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Energie v\u011btru = 8734W p\u0159i 10 m\/s p\u0159i 15\u00b0C<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>V\u00fdkon v\u011btru ma 1m<sup>2<\/sup> z\u00e1visl\u00fd na teplot\u011b:<\/h4>\n<div class=\"table-1\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Rychlost v\u011btru (m\/s)<\/th>\n<th>Teplota<\/th>\n<th>V\u00fdkon (W)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>-20\u00b0C<\/td>\n<td>87<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>0\u00b0C<\/td>\n<td>81<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>+20\u00b0C<\/td>\n<td>74<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>-20\u00b0C<\/td>\n<td>698<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>0\u00b0C<\/td>\n<td>648<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>10<\/td>\n<td>+20\u00b0C<\/td>\n<td>592<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h4>Hustota such\u00e9ho vzduchu v z\u00e1vislosti na teplot\u011b:<\/h4>\n<div class=\"table-1\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Teplota<\/th>\n<th>Hustota vzduchu (kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup>)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-20\u00b0C<\/td>\n<td>1,3951<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>0\u00b0C<\/td>\n<td>1,2959<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>+20\u00b0C<\/td>\n<td>1,2047<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Co jsem t\u00edm cht\u011bl \u0159\u00edct ? V\u00fdpo\u010det (nebo odhad :) ) energie v\u011btru v dan\u00e9 lokalit\u011b nen\u00ed ur\u010dit\u011b jednoduch\u00fd. Je z\u00e1visl\u00fd na plo\u0161e list\u016f turb\u00edny, teplot\u011b, hustot\u011b vzduchu a rychlosti v\u011btru. A to jsme teprve u energie v\u011btru. Pro jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed pochopen\u00ed budeme pracovat s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.swpower.cz\/de\/5kw-windkraftanlage\/\">na\u0161\u00ed turb\u00ednou E-5 s v\u00fdkonem 5kW<\/a>, plochou list\u016f 14,5m<sup>2<\/sup> a pr\u016fm\u011brnou rychlost\u00ed v\u011btru 10m\/s (co\u017e je v \u010cR sp\u00ed\u0161 mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed ne\u017e realita .. podle m\u00e9ho se pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 rychlost v\u011btru pohybuje mezi 3 a\u017e 8m\/s podle oblasti).<\/p>\n<p>Nyn\u00ed se dostaneme k \u00fa\u010dinnosti jednotliv\u00fdch typ\u016f v\u011btrn\u00fdch turb\u00edn. Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed Savonius m\u00e1 \u00fa\u010dinnost 20%. Vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed Darrieus zvl\u00e1dne i 40%. A nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed turb\u00edny mohou dos\u00e1hnout a\u017e 59% \u00fa\u010dinnosti. Tak\u017ee v na\u0161em p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je to t\u0159\u00ed-list\u00fd horizont\u00e1l s \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed 59%. Dosad\u00edme do spo\u010d\u00edtan\u00e9ho \u2026..<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>8734W (energie v\u011btru) 59% z tohoto \u010d\u00edsla je v\u00fdkon 5153W<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>To je v\u00fdkon turb\u00edny, kter\u00fd dos\u00e1hneme p\u0159i 10m\/s v na\u0161em modelov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b. Je\u0161t\u011b nesm\u00edme zapomenout na \u00fa\u010dinnost gener\u00e1toru, kter\u00e1 se u HighEnd technologi\u00ed pohybuje u 95%. Znovu dosad\u00edme do spo\u010d\u00edtan\u00e9ho:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>5153W (energie\/v\u00fdkon) 95% z tohoto \u010d\u00edsla je v\u00fdkon 4895W \u2026. p\u0159i 10m\/s \u2026. +15\u00b0C \u2026. a dal\u0161\u00edch kriteri\u00ed<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Pro p\u0159edstavu p\u0159epo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1m na vertik\u00e1l od Darrieus (co\u017e je z vertik\u00e1ln\u00edch turb\u00edn ten \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>8734W 40% z tohoto \u010d\u00edsla 3493,6W (\u00fa\u010dinnost Darrieus)<\/li>\n<li>3493,6W 95% z tohoto \u010d\u00edsla 3318,9W (ztr\u00e1ty v gener\u00e1toru)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(Aby se u vertik\u00e1lu Darrieus dos\u00e1hlo 14,5m<sup>2<\/sup> plochy, musela by m\u00edt nap\u0159\u00edklad 2m v pr\u016fm\u011bru a 7,25m na v\u00fd\u0161ku :) i v t\u00e9to konfiguraci by m\u011bla maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdkon p\u0159i 10m\/s v\u011btru 3319W oproti horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed turb\u00edn\u011b, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 v t\u00e9to konfiguraci v\u00fdkon 4895W ) .<\/p>\n<p>Jak je patrn\u00e9, v\u00fdpo\u010det v\u00fdkonu v\u011btrn\u00e9 turb\u00edny, je o mnoha parametrech. A to jsme neza\u010dal rozeb\u00edrat v\u00fdkon vs um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed, kde i sebemen\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eka ve sm\u011bru proud\u011bn\u00ed v\u011btru, zap\u0159\u00ed\u010din\u00ed turbulentn\u00ed stav proud\u011bn\u00ed v\u011btru, kter\u00fd nedok\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159edat turb\u00edn\u011b pat\u0159i\u010dnou energii. Ale o tom zase jindy. Z\u00e1v\u011brem snad jen, pokud nechcete zvolit v\u011bdeckou metodu \u201epokus-omyl\u201c \u2026 nejste Nicolas Tesla, kter\u00fd dok\u00e1zal ohnout i fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kony a v\u00e1\u017en\u011b uva\u017eujete o po\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v\u011btrn\u00e9 turb\u00edny, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.swpower.cz\/de\/kontakt\/\">obra\u0165te se na odborn\u00edky<\/a>, kte\u0159\u00ed dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed s \u010d\u00edsly, kter\u00e9 celkov\u00fd v\u00fdsledek ovlivn\u00ed \u2026 po\u010d\u00edtat. Kdy\u017e se v\u0161echno povede, m\u00e1te obnoviteln\u00fd a nevy\u010derpateln\u00fd zdroj energie.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo horizont\u00e1ln\u00ed turb\u00ednu? Jak\u00fd opravdov\u00fd v\u00fdkon m\u016f\u017eeme o\u010dek\u00e1vat od [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5766,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[113],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6465","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vetrne-elektrarny"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.swpower.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6465","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.swpower.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.swpower.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.swpower.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.swpower.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6465"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.swpower.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6465\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.swpower.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5766"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.swpower.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6465"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.swpower.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6465"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.swpower.cz\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6465"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}